Abstract It remains a challenge to obtain biocompatible afterglow materials with long emission wavelengths. durable lifetimes. and good water solubility. Herein we develop a photooxidation strategy to construct near-infrared afterglow carbon nanodots with an extra-long lifetime of up to 5. https://www.hindigyanvishv.com/super-find-Red-Pygmy-reg-Dogwood-Tree-limited-super/